Uncontrolled Joker Laughter, Recognize Nerve Disorders That Become The Cause

Credits: Warner Bross "Joker"

The Joker film was released in Indonesia on October 2, 2019, ago. The film played by Joaquin Phoenix tells the story of a man named Arthur Fleck. Arthur has a condition he calls illness. On IMDb, the Joker review scored 9 out of 10.

Yes, Arthur experienced a PseudoBulbar Affect (PBA), a condition in which he could not control his laughter or sadness. In the Joker film, Arthur was given a lecture by his mother, Penny Fleck to always smile and laugh because he was born to give laughter to those around him.

However, said Bandari, at least 1 million people in America laugh and cry suddenly, without control, and often not on time. This is not because they are happy or mellow, but due to a nervous breakdown called the pseudobulbar affect (PBA). For that reason, Arthur wants to be a comedian and even became a clown. In his daily life, Arthur often experiences laughing attacks that he cannot control. Once, after being reprimanded by a mother whose child was invited to play Arthur on the bus, Arthur laughed.

According to the mother, there was nothing funny, but Arthur could not stop laughing. Arthur also issued a paper that read his laughter due to the condition or the disease he was experiencing. For that, Arthur please understand and ask others to return the small paper to him.

In fact, this PseudoBulbar Affect (PBA) made Joker made fun of three Thomas Wayne employees who got drunk on the train. Seeing the behavior of three people who tease women, Arthur laughed as a form of concern. Arthur who ultimately wanted to be called a joker (giver joke or contrarian) was considered mocking the three drunks.

When asked what was funny, Arthur could not explain why he was laughing so hard. Unfortunately, Arthur did not give a small paper mainstay until he was persecuted, beaten, and insulted which led to the brutal actions Arthur shot the three people.

Because of his uncontrollable and unclear laughter, Arthur is often considered strange by those around him, Bun. This is one of the reasons why Arthur, who was originally a good and entertaining figure, became a violent killer. In the Joker trailer Arthur is also depicted laughing loudly several times, without cause.

What kind of conditions and the causes?

condition of laughter or crying without control experienced by Arthur Feck, aka the Joker is the PseudoBulbar Affect (PBA). Quoted from Web MD, clinical psychologist Smitha Bandari says crying and laughing are a normal part of a healthy life. When we grieve we cry, and when we are happy we laugh. Even if there is something very funny, we laugh out loud.


"PBA is also called emotional incontinence, emotional lability, unconscious crying, laughing and crying pathologically," Bandari said.

In people with this disorder, the symptoms shown are they laugh or cry in the wrong situation. Then, the duration of them laughing or crying is longer than most people laugh or cry. In fact, without reason, they can cry or laugh very loudly, without control.

Symptoms of laughter or tears that can suddenly stop or change are often mistakenly considered symptoms of depression or bipolar disorder. So, what causes PBA?

Bandari said, some scientists believe PBA is caused by damage to the prefrontal cortex. This is an area of ​​the brain that helps control emotions. Also, changes in brain chemicals related to depression or excessive mood (Manisa) can play a role.

Trauma or illness that affects the brain can also trigger the pseudobulbar effect (PBA). About half the people who have a stroke experience this condition, Bun. Other brain conditions commonly associated with PBA are:

1. Brain tumors
2. Dementia
3. Multiple sclerosis
4. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
5. Parkinson's disease

Diagnosis of pseudobulbar affect (PBA)

If your mother or family has a relative or someone who is crying or laughing for no reason, they can consult a doctor. PBA is usually difficult to diagnose because it is often mistaken for symptoms of depression or other mood disorders.

"When going to the doctor, tell me how the symptoms are, including when laughter or tears suddenly occur and how long they are. Usually, doctors will not do blood checks but do electroencephalogram (EEG) to see brain waves," said Bandari.

Two questionnaires help determine whether someone's laughter and tears are symptoms of pseudobulbar affect, namely:

1. Pathological Laughing and Crying Scale (PLACS)

The doctor will ask how long laughter and crying lasts and how laughter and crying are related to mood and social conditions, plus how stressed you are.

2. Center for Neurologic Study-Lability Scale (CNS-LS)

People suspected of having PBA answer questions about their symptoms. Including how often it happens and what is experienced for example you feel easy to laugh or you can laugh easily.

Treatment of pseudobulbar affect (PBA)

"Doctors will usually prescribe antidepressants to control PBA symptoms, although this drug does not always work. In 2010, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved dextromethorphan or quinidine as first-line PBA therapy. Studies show this helps someone control laughter and tears in people with MS and ALS

Living with pseudobulbar affect (PBA)

For people who have pseudobulbar affect (PBA), Bandari said they can feel anxious or ashamed while in public places because they are concerned about their laughter or crying. the unnatural reappeared, and as a result, some people preferred to shut themselves up.

It is also important for patients to control their health. Do not hesitate to discuss your condition with family and people around. So, they are not afraid, worried, or shocked.

"The National Stroke Association recommends taking a lonely position when the laughter or crying attack will appear. Try to take a deep breath slowly when there is laughter or crying until you can control yourself. Don't forget to relax. Because emotions can make muscles tense," said Bandari.

Meanwhile, for the caregiver, the person who takes care of PBA patients, can feel confused or frustrated by what the patient does. The caregiver's emotional burden can affect recovery and quality of life. Therefore, Bandari stressed that the welfare of the caregiver oun must be considered.

Pbainfo.org writes, pseudobulbar affect (PBA) occurs in
- 48 percent of people with traumatic brain injury
- 39 percent of people with Alzheimer's
- 28 percent of people with troke
- 46 percent of people with multiple sclerosis
- 50 percent of people with ALS
- 24 percent of people with ALS with singer Parkinson's

PBA and depression are very different. PBA is a neurological condition due to damage to the nervous system, while depression is a condition related to emotions and mental disorders. Then, people with PBA certainly have neurological problems. Meanwhile, depressed people can have neurological disorders or not.

For patients, this condition can be frustrating. Because, when we are not sad, weep suddenly. Likewise, when there is nothing pleasant, laughter suddenly comes out as a reflex. Now, because PBA symptoms can also occur due to other neurological conditions or brain injuries, patients still find it difficult to reconcile with this condition.

Heart Cancer Treatment, Symptom and Prevention

Credits: www.yalemedicine.org

Cancer heart is rare cancer that develops in heart and needs intensive heart cancer treatment. The development of heart cancer can start from any part. The heart cancer is unique because the cell in the heart not divide. However, tumors can form and can lead to heart cancer. The statistic shows that there are about 0.0001% of all death.

Heart cancer symptom

The symptom of heart cancer is likely similar to heart disease. That why many people are not realizing the symptom and make them late in taking treatment for their cancer as cancer has spread into their body. The sign can include;

• · Fatigues
• · Pain in chests
• · Irregular heart rhythm
• · Short breath
• · Excessive in sweating
• · Loss of consciousness
• · Swelling in ankles and feet
• · Fainting, dizziness and lightheadedness

Baca juga: Heart Attack Prevention

In many cases, the symptoms are developing suddenly. To treat and manage the sign, taking radiation and chemotherapy is a good option. The sudden onset from heart failure can be earlier detection from heart cancer symptoms.

Heart cancer treatment options

There are several options for heart cancer that patients can choose based on their budget and heart cancer stadium. Some of them are having side effects that can cause heart damage or any other diseases as a side effect. But for those who has stage 1 cancer stadium, there is alternative treatment without harming the heart.

1. Chemotherapy. Chemotherapy is a cancer treatment that uses chemical agents from stopping the cancer cells' growth. With chemotherapy, it can eliminate the cancer cells in distances sites around the original cancer sites. The chemo is systematic treatment, and drugs given during this treatment can worsen the patient’s condition. Therefore before the patient takes the therapy, hey should consult about the medication before.
2. Injection and drainage. The primary cardiac tumor is a heart cancer type that develops in tissues heart. The injection and drainage therapy is cancer treatment that drains the fluids that come from tumor secretion and reduce the pressures that interrupt the heart’s ability for pumping blood infrequently. Also, there are medication treatments that the purpose of slowing down tumor growth is injected.
3. Radiation. This is heart cancer therapy that kills cancer cells' growth with high energy rays. Although the radiation said is the top rate in cure cancer disease, but it has a direct effect on the heart. For example, there is a case where there are congestive heart disease and heart murmurs that occurred during therapy. Also, radiation therapy can damage the heart as it also increases coronary disease risk.
4. Heart transplantation. With heart transplantation, only able to apply to heart cancer condition that no spread yet to other body parts. The heart transplantation is the most risking treatment for heart cancer and also a complicated procedure. This needs accurate examination as there is a possibility for transplant rejection that can cause cancer recurrence. 

However, there are alternative procedures for heart transplantation called autotransplantation that can be another option. This heart cancer treatment removed the heart, and the tumor is extracted, and after it removed, the heart is replaced back into the body, and the heart will function in healthy ways again.

Different Option Treatment of Mesothelioma

Credits: clydesideactiononasbestos.org.uk

Different Option Treatment of Mesothelioma - There is several option treatment of mesothelioma that patient can choose. Different mesothelioma treatments can be an alternative to choose from. The method that patients can choose depends on their cancer condition.

This is because treatment for mesothelioma is not expensive and needs regular and intensive therapy. The support from family, both emotional and spiritual, is essential for the patients to survive their mesothelioma cancer.

Treatment of mesothelioma option

There are no permanent methods for cure mesothelioma cancer. However, these treatments so helping in reduce pain and developing cancer.

1. · Chemotherapy. Chemotherapy is used for killing cancer cells in the body. Chemotherapy is used before and both surgery action.
2. · Surgery. Surgery action is done by the patient’s cancer stage and location. The patients’ health also needs to determine when this action recommended for taking surgery. The statistic shows that there is only 1 from 5 patients that have pleural mesothelioma that go with surgery. The operation takes two main actions: the pleurectomy/ decortication and extrapleural pneumonectomy.
3. · Radiation. Radiation is the first treatment method for mesothelioma. The radiation can target the tumor and shrink that makes other treatments for mesothelioma effective more. The challenge from radiation for treating mesothelioma is cancer that locates in closest to the heart and lungs.
4. · Palliative treatment. The palliative treatment is management for the disease and keeping patients for feeling comfortable as long as possible. This is the stage where there are patients that enter the treatment facility, and the goal from the treatment is to maximize the comfort for patients. The procedure can be done by medication for less pain and difficulty breathing problem and another symptom experienced by them.

Cost of mesothelioma treatment

There are financial considerations that patients need to think before they take mesothelioma treatment as the treatment for mesothelioma is not cheap. For comparison, the average cost for lung cancer surgery is about $38.000. For chemotherapy cost about $30.000 per year with eight weeks. The radiation therapy is estimated cost average $$2.000 per month, and the total cost depends on health coverage and number treatments that get.

Consideration for mesothelioma treatment

As patients have different stages of mesothelioma development, the type of treatment for mesothelioma depends on the scene, diagnosis, and kind of mesothelioma. For cancer conditions that have not spread yet, the combination of chemotherapy, surgery, and radiation will offer to the patients first.

When this treatment uses three approach treatments together, then it called multimodal therapy. For patients that experience significant mesothelioma cancer spreading, then typically treatment that recommended is palliative treatment as it can help in alleviating pains, breath problem and others cancer symptom that less the quality of life from the patients. 

The other alternative treatment for mesothelioma cancer, such as massage therapy, yoga, and acupuncture, can be added to add a significant number of the effectiveness of the treatment use. Each method has its benefit and purpose. Therefore, it is essential to consult with your doctor to take the best treatment of mesothelioma that gives maximum results depend on the patient’s condition.

Heart Attack Prevention

Heart Attack Prevention - Learn how you can do this heart attack prevention and make your life healthier with heart disease. Heart disease becomes the first leading death causes in this modern ear. Many factors can increase the risk of heart diseases such as family history, age, sex, and lifestyle.

Credits: health exchange.sg

The last factors become the most issues that connected to the main factors in heart disease and heart attack. Immoral lifestyles such as smoking women increase doubles for heart attack. A heart attack is a condition where the muscle in heart lack in receiving blood and oxygen that makes tissues dies.

Heart attack prevention

There are several ways that people with heart disease can prevent heart attacks. Maintaining a healthy heart and avoiding heart attack trigger is a must in this case.

• A healthy diet is a must. For people who have heart disease, avoid too much sugar and salt in their plate.
• Keeps blood pressure normal. Manage your stress and take regular exercised, and a healthy diet will help your average blood pressure that can prevent heart attack.
• Keep a normal weight. The excess weight causes the heart need to work harder and increase the risk of heart disease and high blood pressure that can lead to a heart attack.

Lowering your coronary heart disease is very useful for preventing heart attacks. Improve your healthy heart, and this will make your heart prevent a heart attack.

Healthy heart lifestyle

To prevent and maintaining a healthy heart, there are several things that people can do to protect their youthful organs. Adopt this healthy lifestyle that can prevent heart disease and attack in the future.

• Avoid smoking and use tobacco products. Smoking with tobacco or other smoking method is one of the significant factors in risking developing heart disease. Smoke contains a chemical called nicotine that can damage blood vessels and heart after long term use. This creates narrower arteries and plaque buildup hearts called Atherosclerosis that becomes the ultimate heart-attack lead. Carbon monoxide in cigarette smoking replaces oxygen in the center while tobacco that leads to blood pressure increase and heart rate that make heart need to work harder to supply more oxygen for the soul.
• Take physical activity. In general, people with heart disease are recommended for taking moderate exercise as it will give maximum health purposes. Regular physical activity will less heart disease risk, help maintain a healthy weight, and reduce other heart disease-related such as high blood pressure, diabetes, and high cholesterol.
• Take a heart-healthy diet. The diet that high amount in fruits and vegetables, and whole grains will protect your heart. Take a small portion of food, but on regular is better than take a significant part of meals.
• Limit your alcohol intake.

By taking a healthy heart lifestyle, you can get a healthier heart and another health benefit for the whole body. Talk with your doctor to consult how much you need to take physical activity due to your heart condition. This will make your heart healthier without make it should work harder to beat your physical activity to take to maintain your heart and heart attack prevention.

Heart attack treatment in Hospital and Home

Credits: pennmedicine.org

Heart attack treatment in Hospital and Home - Families and suffer need to know heart attack treatment when they are in hospital and home. It can be fatal when the person that has a heart attack are not in the right treatment. As we know that heart attack becomes the first leading death in recent decades.

Heart attack treatment in hospital

When your beloved one gets a heart attack, then you need to take it to the hospital immediately. When there is waiting for the medical hospital, then there are several things that you can do to reduce or help the beloved one. The person that gets a heart attack, after passing minute, there are more tissues in heart that lose much oxygen and make it deteriorates or died. The first aid for a heart attack is preventing heart damage and restores flow blood in a quick response.

Medications that give for treating heart attack include;

• Aspirin. When you call 911, you might instruct to give the one with aspirin. Aspirin will reduce blood clotting and maintain blood flow in a narrowed artery.
• Thrombolytic. This is a medication that helps dissolve the blood clots and release blood flow into the heart. This drug called with clot buster as it improves the chance of survival and less damage in your heart.
• Antiplatelet agents. A doctor in the emergency room might give you drugs for preventing new blood clots appears and preventing existing clots from getting more significant.
• Pain reliever. This is given for patients to reduce discomfort and pressure in the heart.
• Nitroglycerin is a medication that uses for treating pain in the chest and increases blood flow in the heart by making blood vessels more full.
• Blood-thinning medications. The medication such as heparin will help in reduce sticky blood and less in forming new clots. Heparin is given with injections under the skin.
• · Beta Blocker is a medication that helps relaxing heart muscle, slower heartbeat, and reduces blood pressure. This also benefits in limit the damage in heart muscle and prevent the next heart attack.

Heart Attack Surgery Procedure

The other alternative for treating a heart attack is by surgery option. There are several options for surgical treatment for heart attack.

• Coronary angioplasty. This is a surgical procedure that inserts a catheter into the artery that locates in the leg or groin purposed for the blocked artery in a patient’s heart. For heart attack, this procedure should take in immediately after the cardiac catheterization.
• Coronary artery bypasses treatment. The emergency perform is bypass surgery in heart attack time. This treatment takes about t 3-7 days after the heart attack recovery for action. Once your heart is restored, then what you need to do is maintain a healthy lifestyle for preventing heart attack.

Heart attack healthy lifestyle

It is never late or never too young when to talk about heart attack; everyone should care about their heart from an earlier age. A healthy lifestyle will prevent and maintain a healthy heart. Choose a healthy eating diet, such as food with low saturated fats, sodium, and trans-fat. Eat more fruit and vegetables, fiber whole grains, seeds, and nuts.

Be active more physically for maintaining heart health. Take about 30 minutes of aerobic activity in moderate-intensity a day or combine with heavy intensity aerobic activity in a week. This healthy lifestyle will useful for heart attack treatment in the future.

The Mesothelioma of Pleura

The mesothelioma of pleura is cancer that causes by asbestos fiber inhale. The asbestos fiber that inserted into the lungs lining (pleura) causes mutation genetically in surrounding cells. There are about 75% of mesothelioma cancer cases is diagnosed with pleural mesothelioma. Pleural mesothelioma is the most common type of mesothelioma cancer besides two other mesothelioma cancer, pericardial cancer, and peritoneal mesothelioma.

The mesothelioma of pleura is rare, and the tumors are formed in pleura located in the lungs lining membrane and chest wall. The fatal from pleural mesothelioma is lead after it spread quickly into the heart, outer chest wall, and abdomen. The pleura mesothelioma is typically getting fatal after a one-year diagnosis without intensive treatment. Understanding and recognizing the risk of pleural mesothelioma can help in detecting the pleura mesothelioma earlier. There are about 25.000 people are indicate diagnosed with pleura mesothelioma per year. The prognosis from pleural mesothelioma is about 6-12 months.

Symptom mesothelioma of pleura

There are symptoms of mesothelioma pleura that strictly into common diseases. Therefore, many patients of mesothelioma consult with a doctor after they have the next stadium level. The first sign from mesothelioma is respiratory system problems such as short breath, chest pain, and thoracic cavity. The other symptoms that need to aware are:

• · anemia
• · weakness muscle
• · fever
• · pleural effusions
• · dry cough
• · excessive sweating
• · fatigue
• · fluid present in around lung area
• · unexplained suddenly weight loss

These symptoms are similar to widespread respiratory diseases that make many people ignore the signs. Also, the symptom from asbestos cancer appears after years after the first exposes.

Mesothelioma of pleura treatment

The treatment for a mesothelioma patient depends on the level stadium and type. There are many types of research done for looking best treatment for pleural mesothelioma. The accurate diagnosis is critical for considering the option of treatments. Most of pleura mesothelioma treatments are recommended to do radiation or chemotherapy. Both of these therapies are helping to slow down the spread from this aggressive and painful tumor cancer cell.

· Extrapleural is a treatment recommended for patients with better conditions in physics. This curative treatment removes the affected pleura along with the lung, nearby the tissues, and lymph nodes. Many experts believe that this is the best opportunity to remove pleural mesothelioma from the patient body. As it considers as major surgery, then the patients should have criteria for good overall health and ability to recover from it. The effectiveness reaches twice from the survival rate.

· Pleurectomy/decortication is pleural mesothelioma treatment that remove the outer membrane and part of nearby tissues and organs.

· The other alternative for pleura mesothelioma is photodynamic therapy, immunotherapy, and gene therapy.

Both two actions require specific issues related to treatment to give the best result. The most significant factor that affects to pleura mesothelioma prognosis is the tumor size and stage, cell type, patient’s gender, and age, and the cancer stage. A patient that women younger and have an earlier stage of pleural mesothelioma in steps 1 and 2 has a bigger chance of survival rather than a late stage of mesothelioma of pleura patients.

7 Ways to Eliminate Uban Naturally

Gray or gray hair or hair that turns grayish to white is often associated with symptoms of aging. But in fact, many people already have gray hair at a relatively young age. This often makes a person less confident and want to find ways to get rid of gray hair quickly.

Basically, the appearance of white hair is indeed influenced by several factors. Besides being caused by aging, gray hair can also arise due to lack of vitamin hair, stress, genetic factors, use of chemicals, and lack of folic acid in the body.

Credits: Pixabay

List of Ways to Get Rid of Uban Naturally & Quickly

Many people choose to dye their hair with hair dye as a way to overcome gray hair. But if you want to use a safer method, here are 7 ways to get rid of gray hair naturally that you can use!

1. Coconut and Lemon Oil

The first way to deal with gray hair is to use a mixture of coconut oil and lemon. Coconut oil contains lots of vitamin E, vitamin K, and also iron which can help to stimulate cell regeneration in the hair shaft. The content of vitamin C in lemons is no less important for hair health. Mixing coconut oil with lemon will also help provide a fresher aroma than if you only use oil.

How to use it is by mixing the juice of one lemon with 5 tablespoons of coconut oil. Mix well in a container, then apply to all hair while gently massaging the scalp. Let stand for 10 to 30 minutes so that the oil seeps in the hair, then rinse with clean water.

2. Candlenut Oil

Hazelnut oil has been known to have properties to make hair thicker and blacker. The content of vitamins and fatty acids in hazelnut oil makes it often used as an ingredient for shampoo products and conditioner. It turns out that hazelnut oil can also be one way to get rid of gray hair.

You can use candlenut oil products on the market or make your own hazelnut oil at home. How to make hazelnut oil is by burning the hazelnut until it is scorched, then mashing and squeezing the oil. Apply hazelnut oil as a hair mask before you go to sleep and rinse in the morning.

3. Potato Skin

Did you know that potato skin can be used as an alternative to overcome gray hair? Starch in potatoes is useful as a natural hair dye. The trick is to mix one glass of clean potato skin with two glasses of water, then boil for about 25 minutes. After that, strain the potatoes and let the water cool.

If you don't like the aroma of the liquid, you can mix it with a little essential oil. Apply the liquid to the hair after you are in harmony. You can use your hands directly or use a brush like applying hair dye. Do it every few weeks to get the hair color you want.

4. Guava Leaf

Guava leaves are known to have many health benefits such as overcoming diarrhea and increasing platelets. On the other hand, guava leaves also have many benefits for hair care. The content of vitamin C and high antioxidants in guava leaves can strengthen hair and maintain hair pigmentation.

How to get rid of gray hair with guava leaves is by pounding some guava leaves until smooth and mix with a little water. Then apply the mixture to all hair and scalp while massaging it gently. Leave the hair for half an hour, then rinse with clean water. Do it at least twice a week for maximum results.

5. Bombay onions

The high content of the enzyme catalase in onions can remove hydrogen peroxide which is one of the causes of gray hair growth. The content of vitamins and other compounds in onions are also very good for avoiding hair from hair loss and dandruff problems. The way to overcome gray hair with onions is by grating the onions and then filtering them. Apply onion juice to all hair, then wrap coconut using a towel or shower cap. Let stand up to 30 minutes, then rinse with clean water and shampoo.

6. How to get rid of gray hair with Shoes Flower

Another natural ingredient that is believed to be effective in dealing with gray hair is hibiscus or hibiscus flowers. The content of polyphenols and also saponins in hibiscus can help to overcome gray hair. One way to get rid of gray hair with hibiscus is by mixing hibiscus oil with olive oil, coconut oil, or hazelnut oil.

Heat one of these oils, then mixes with several pieces of shoe flower petals. After the oil cools down, apply the oil to the entire head and let it sit for up to 30 minutes. Then rinse your hair with shampoo and clean water.

7. Consumption of Foods with High Folic Acid and Vitamin B12

In addition to using a way to deal with gray hair from the outside, you can also accompany it with care from the inside. Lack of folic acid and vitamin B12 can also be a factor in the appearance of gray hair. Consumption of more food with folic acid and vitamin B12 will help to maintain hair pigmentation.

You can get folic acid from vegetables such as greens, broccoli, spinach, and cabbage as well as fruits such as avocados, beets, papaya, bananas. While a high intake of vitamin B12 you can get from the consumption of animal meat, fish, shellfish, and cereals.

Well, that's 7 ways to get rid of gray hair naturally you can do. Start applying and get your black hair back like it used to be.